Neomycin Sulfate, USP Grade, 10 G

Neomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is derived from Streptomyces fradiae. Like other aminoglycosides, neomycin sulfate acts by binding itself to the 30S ribosomal subunit inside the cells of pathogenic bacteria. As a result of this binding, the bacteria misread the subunit and nonfunctional proteins are synthesized, eventually killing the bacterial cells.
 

Neomycin sulfate is used clinically as a preventative measure against infections during intestinal surgeries. Neomycin may also be administered in cases of hepatic coma to target urease-producing bacteria in the gastrointestinal system. Suppression of these bacteria limits the production of available ammonia, in turn lowering serum and CSF levels.

Neomycin has also been shown to affect insulin signaling in the human body. Specifically, neomycin sulfate can prevent wortmannin inhibition of the glucose transporter Glut4. This effect is a result of neomycin's ability to mask the substrate of PI3K.